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source: trunk/workshop-foss4g/projection_exercises.rst @ 4

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2
3Section 16: Projection Exercises
4================================
5
6Here's a reminder of some of the functions we have seen.  Hint: they should be useful for the exercises!
7
8* :command:`sum(expression)` aggregate to return a sum for a set of records
9* :command:`ST_Length(linestring)` returns the length of the linestring
10* :command:`ST_SRID(geometry, srid)` returns the SRID of the geometry
11* :command:`ST_Transform(geometry, srid)` converts geometries into different spatial reference systems
12* :command:`ST_GeomFromText(text)` returns ``geometry``
13* :command:`ST_AsText(geometry)` returns WKT ``text``
14* :command:`ST_AsGML(geometry)` returns GML ``text``
15
16Remember the online resources that are available to you:
17
18* http://spatialreference.org
19* http://prj2epsg.org
20
21Also remember the tables we have available:
22
23 * ``nyc_census_blocks`` 
24 
25   * name, popn_total, boroname, the_geom
26 
27 * ``nyc_streets``
28 
29   * name, type, the_geom
30   
31 * ``nyc_subway_stations``
32 
33   * name, the_geom
34 
35 * ``nyc_neighborhoods``
36 
37   * name, boroname, the_geom
38
39Exercises
40---------
41
42 * **"What is the length of all streets in New York, as measured in UTM 18?"**
43 
44   .. code-block:: sql
45
46     SELECT Sum(ST_Length(the_geom))
47       FROM nyc_streets;
48
49   :: 
50   
51     10418904.7172
52     
53 * **"What is the WKT definition of SRID 2831?"**   
54   
55   .. code-block:: sql
56
57     SELECT srtext FROM spatial_ref_sys
58     WHERE SRID = 2831;
59
60Or, via `prj2epsg <http://prj2epsg.org/epsg/2831>`_
61
62 ::
63
64  PROJCS["NAD83(HARN) / New York Long Island",
65  GEOGCS["NAD83(HARN)",
66    DATUM["NAD83 (High Accuracy Regional Network)",
67      SPHEROID["GRS 1980", 6378137.0, 298.257222101, AUTHORITY["EPSG","7019"]],
68      TOWGS84[-0.991, 1.9072, 0.5129, 0.0257899075194932, -0.009650098960270402, -0.011659943232342112, 0.0],
69      AUTHORITY["EPSG","6152"]],
70    PRIMEM["Greenwich", 0.0, AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],
71    UNIT["degree", 0.017453292519943295],
72    AXIS["Geodetic longitude", EAST],
73    AXIS["Geodetic latitude", NORTH],
74    AUTHORITY["EPSG","4152"]],
75  PROJECTION["Lambert Conic Conformal (2SP)", AUTHORITY["EPSG","9802"]],
76  PARAMETER["central_meridian", -74.0],
77  PARAMETER["latitude_of_origin", 40.166666666666664],
78  PARAMETER["standard_parallel_1", 41.03333333333333],
79  PARAMETER["false_easting", 300000.0],
80  PARAMETER["false_northing", 0.0],
81  PARAMETER["scale_factor", 1.0],
82  PARAMETER["standard_parallel_2", 40.666666666666664],
83  UNIT["m", 1.0],
84  AXIS["Easting", EAST],
85  AXIS["Northing", NORTH],
86  AUTHORITY["EPSG","2831"]]
87 
88
89 * **"What is the length of all streets in New York, as measured in SRID 2831?"**
90 
91   .. code-block:: sql
92
93     SELECT Sum(ST_Length(ST_Transform(the_geom,2831)))
94       FROM nyc_streets;
95
96   :: 
97   
98     10421993.706374
99     
100   .. note::
101   
102     The difference between the UTM 18 and the Stateplane Long Island measurements is (10421993 - 10418904)/10418904, or 0.02%. Calculated on the spheroid using :ref:`geography` the total street length is 10421999, which is closer to the Stateplane value. This is not surprising, since the Stateplane Long Island projection is precisely calibrated for a very small area (New York City) while UTM 18 has to provide reasonable results for a large regional area.
103     
104 * **"What is the KML representation of the point at 'Broad St' subway station?"**
105 
106   .. code-block:: sql
107   
108     SELECT ST_AsKML(the_geom)
109     FROM nyc_subway_stations
110     WHERE name = 'Broad St';
111     
112   :: 
113   
114     <Point><coordinates>-74.010671468873468,40.707104815584088</coordinates></Point>
115     
116Hey! The coordinates are in geographics even though we didn't call :command:`ST_Transform`, why? Because the KML standard dictates that all coordinates *must* be in geographics (ESPG:4326, in fact) so the :command:`ST_AsKML` function does the transformation automatically.
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